UN approves resolution for International Day Against Colonialism in all its forms, Netherlands, France abstain / US, Israel vote against

NEW YORK--The United Nation passed a resolution that that proposes the establishment of the The International Day against Colonialism, proposed to be December 14th, marking the anniversary of the adoption of the 1960 UN Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples. The Bonaire Human Rights Organization (BHRO) was present and witnessed the moment and welcomes the approval by the Chair of the UN Fourth Committee on 16th October 2025 of the resolution supported by 101 countries, with 51 abstentions.

While the UN General Assembly has recently advanced discussions for this specific day, it is not yet officially a globally established annual day. The goal is to raise awareness and encourage efforts to eradicate all forms of colonialism, including modern neo-colonialism.

The date commemorates the adoption of General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV) on December 14, 1960, which declared the necessity of ending colonialism. Some nations, like the United States, the Netherlands and other European nations, voted against it due to concerns about costs and duplication of work. The resolution was adopted without a vote following a debate. Two nations, the United States and Israel, voted against it due to concerns about costs and duplication of work. The Netherlands abstained (See statement at the end of this article). France also abstained.

Ambassador Jennifer Locetta, Alternate Representative of the United States of America, said: "This resolution absurdly calls for the pursuit of reparations based on flawed historical guilt narratives. These foolish suggestions pose a significant financial burden that taxpayers of member states would ultimately pay. The United States categorically rejects this divisive concept and steadfastly opposes this resolution."

BHRO states that the resolution is significant for Bonaire, which it describes as facing the effects of modern colonial arrangements. In 2017, Bonaire was incorporated into the Dutch Constitution as a public entity. This followed the 2015 referendum in which 65 percent voted against integration under Dutch rule.

BHRO argues that the 2017 outcome reflected choices by local political leaders. Parties named include the Democratic Party, Union Patriótiko Boneriano, Movementu di Pueblo Boneriano, and M21. According to BHRO, a motion passed by the Island Council supported embedding Bonaire in the Dutch Constitution. BHRO contends that this did not align with the earlier referendum result.

BHRO maintains that the 2017 decision conflicted with principles of the United Nations Charter and General Assembly Resolution 1514 (XV) on self determination. The organization links the outcome to ongoing concerns, including economic pressures, land issues, cultural change, and poverty.

BHRO encourages public discussion on the International Day Against Colonialism. The group calls for accountability from both administering authorities and local actors. It urges residents to demand leadership that prioritizes self determination and transparent governance.

BHRO states that Bonaire’s incorporation was a setback rather than progress. President James Finies continues to call for Bonaire to be placed on the United Nations List of Non Self Governing Territories. BHRO argues that this would help protect the interests of Bonaire’s people and diaspora, as well as the island’s environment.

BHRO views the International Day Against Colonialism as a yearly reminder of the global commitment to end colonial arrangements. The organization states that it will continue its advocacy until Bonaire fully exercises its right to self governance.

𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐛𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐦 𝐣𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐭-𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐜𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬:

𝘔𝘳. 𝘊𝘩𝘢𝘪𝘳, 𝘋𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘶𝘪𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘊𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘨𝘶𝘦𝘴,

𝘗𝘰𝘭𝘢𝘯𝘥, 𝘉𝘦𝘭𝘨𝘪𝘶𝘮, 𝘊𝘻𝘦𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘢, 𝘌𝘴𝘵𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘢, 𝘓𝘪𝘵𝘩𝘶𝘢𝘯𝘪𝘢, 𝘓𝘢𝘵𝘷𝘪𝘢, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘙𝘦𝘱𝘶𝘣𝘭𝘪𝘤 𝘰𝘧 𝘔𝘰𝘭𝘥𝘰𝘷𝘢, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘕𝘦𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘭𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘙𝘰𝘮𝘢𝘯𝘪𝘢 𝘥𝘦𝘤𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘢𝘣𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘰𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘯 “𝘐𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘯𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘢𝘭 𝘋𝘢𝘺 𝘢𝘨𝘢𝘪𝘯𝘴𝘵 𝘊𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘮 𝘪𝘯 𝘈𝘭𝘭 𝘐𝘵𝘴 𝘍𝘰𝘳𝘮𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘔𝘢𝘯𝘪𝘧𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴”.

𝘖𝘶𝘳 𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘯 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘮 𝘪𝘴 𝘸𝘦𝘭𝘭 𝘬𝘯𝘰𝘸𝘯 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘥𝘰𝘦𝘴 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘣𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘱𝘦𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘥.

𝘕𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘭𝘦𝘴𝘴, 𝘸𝘦 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘦 𝘥𝘦𝘤𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘢𝘣𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘰𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘸𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘧𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘴:

𝘐𝘯 𝘑𝘶𝘭𝘺, 𝘎𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘭 𝘈𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘮𝘣𝘭𝘺 𝘢𝘥𝘰𝘱𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘰𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 79/318 𝘰𝘯 𝘚𝘦𝘤𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘢𝘳𝘺‑𝘎𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘭’𝘴 𝘜𝘕80 𝘐𝘯𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘦. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘵𝘦𝘹𝘵, 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘤𝘩 𝘩𝘢𝘴 𝘣𝘦𝘦𝘯 𝘢𝘨𝘳𝘦𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘦𝘯𝘴𝘶𝘴, 𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘯𝘦𝘦𝘥 𝘧𝘰𝘳 “𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘦𝘯𝘨𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘪𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘤𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘜𝘕 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘯𝘩𝘢𝘯𝘤𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘪𝘵𝘴 𝘢𝘨𝘪𝘭𝘪𝘵𝘺, 𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘴𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘪𝘭𝘪𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦 𝘸𝘩𝘪𝘭𝘦 𝘢𝘥𝘥𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘪𝘴𝘴𝘶𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘥𝘶𝘱𝘭𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘦 𝘦𝘧𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘵𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘯𝘴𝘶𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘦𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘧𝘧𝘪𝘤𝘪𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘮𝘢𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘥𝘦𝘭𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘢𝘤𝘳𝘰𝘴𝘴 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘦𝘦 𝘱𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘢𝘳𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘬 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘜𝘕”;

𝘐𝘯 𝘚𝘦𝘱𝘵𝘦𝘮𝘣𝘦𝘳, 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩 𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘰𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 79/327 𝘰𝘯 𝘳𝘦𝘷𝘪𝘵𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘻𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘬 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘎𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘭 𝘈𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘮𝘣𝘭𝘺 𝘜𝘕 𝘮𝘦𝘮𝘣𝘦𝘳𝘴 𝘦𝘹𝘱𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘤𝘦𝘳𝘯 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘶𝘵 “𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘪𝘨𝘯𝘪𝘧𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘪𝘯𝘤𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘴𝘦 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘯𝘶𝘮𝘣𝘦𝘳 𝘰𝘧 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘢𝘭𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘤𝘭𝘢𝘪𝘮 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘯𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘢𝘭 𝘥𝘢𝘺𝘴, 𝘸𝘦𝘦𝘬𝘴, 𝘮𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘩𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘺𝘦𝘢𝘳𝘴”;

𝘐𝘯 𝘋𝘦𝘤𝘦𝘮𝘣𝘦𝘳 2020, 𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘰𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 75/123 𝘥𝘦𝘥𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 “4𝘵𝘩 𝘋𝘦𝘤𝘢𝘥𝘦 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘌𝘳𝘢𝘥𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘊𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘮” 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘢𝘥𝘰𝘱𝘵𝘦𝘥;

𝘐𝘯 𝘋𝘦𝘤𝘦𝘮𝘣𝘦𝘳 2019, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘎𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘭 𝘈𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘮𝘣𝘭𝘺 𝘱𝘢𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘰𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 74/113, 𝘸𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘣𝘺 𝘪𝘵 𝘢𝘭𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘥𝘺 𝘳𝘦𝘲𝘶𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘚𝘱𝘦𝘤𝘪𝘢𝘭 𝘊𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘪𝘵𝘵𝘦𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘢𝘥𝘰𝘱𝘵 𝘯𝘦𝘤𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘢𝘳𝘺 𝘮𝘦𝘢𝘴𝘶𝘳𝘦𝘴 “𝘵𝘰 𝘰𝘣𝘴𝘦𝘳𝘷𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘯𝘶𝘢𝘭𝘭𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘞𝘦𝘦𝘬 𝘰𝘧 𝘚𝘰𝘭𝘪𝘥𝘢𝘳𝘪𝘵𝘺 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘗𝘦𝘰𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘕𝘰𝘯-𝘚𝘦𝘭𝘧-𝘎𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘛𝘦𝘳𝘳𝘪𝘵𝘰𝘳𝘪𝘦𝘴.”

𝘔𝘳. 𝘊𝘩𝘢𝘪𝘳, 𝘋𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘶𝘪𝘴𝘩𝘦𝘥 𝘊𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘨𝘶𝘦𝘴,

𝘐𝘯𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘢𝘥 𝘰𝘧 𝘢𝘯𝘯𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘤𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘯𝘦𝘸 𝘪𝘯𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘴, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘜𝘕 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘧𝘰𝘤𝘶𝘴 𝘰𝘯 𝘪𝘮𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘦𝘹𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘥𝘦𝘤𝘭𝘢𝘳𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘷𝘪𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴. 𝘐𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘹𝘵, 𝘸𝘦 𝘭𝘰𝘰𝘬 𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘸𝘢𝘳𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘜𝘕 𝘚𝘦𝘤𝘳𝘦𝘵𝘢𝘳𝘺 𝘎𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘭’𝘴 𝘳𝘦𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘰𝘯 𝘪𝘮𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘢𝘣𝘰𝘷𝘦-𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘦𝘥 𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘰𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 75/123, 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘪𝘴 𝘴𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘥𝘶𝘭𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘣𝘦 𝘥𝘦𝘭𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘦𝘥 𝘥𝘶𝘳𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘴𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘎𝘈.

𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘪𝘴 𝘢 𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘰𝘯𝘨 𝘧𝘦𝘦𝘭𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘪𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘳𝘰𝘰𝘮, 𝘢𝘮𝘰𝘯𝘨 𝘮𝘢𝘫𝘰𝘳𝘪𝘵𝘺 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘦𝘮𝘣𝘦𝘳 𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘵𝘦𝘴, 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘯𝘦𝘦𝘥 𝘵𝘰 𝘮𝘢𝘬𝘦 𝘜𝘕 𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘦 𝘦𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘦. 𝘏𝘰𝘸 𝘤𝘢𝘯 𝘸𝘦 𝘦𝘹𝘱𝘦𝘤𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘜𝘕80 𝘪𝘯𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘥𝘦𝘭𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘳 𝘮𝘦𝘢𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘧𝘶𝘭 𝘴𝘰𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴, 𝘪𝘧 𝘸𝘦 𝘦𝘯𝘨𝘢𝘨𝘦 𝘪𝘯 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘮𝘰𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘯𝘦𝘸 𝘱𝘰𝘭𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭 𝘪𝘯𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘦𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘰𝘯𝘭𝘺 𝘥𝘶𝘱𝘭𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘦𝘹𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘮𝘦𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘯𝘪𝘴𝘮𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘥𝘰 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘰𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘳 𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘯𝘦𝘸 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘶𝘴𝘦𝘧𝘶𝘭 𝘴𝘰𝘭𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴?

𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘜𝘕 𝘴𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘭𝘥 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘤𝘦𝘯𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘰𝘯 𝘱𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴, 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘰𝘯 𝘦𝘮𝘱𝘵𝘺, 𝘱𝘰𝘭𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭 𝘥𝘦𝘤𝘭𝘢𝘳𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴.

𝘓𝘢𝘴𝘵, 𝘣𝘶𝘵 𝘯𝘰𝘵 𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘴𝘵 𝘪𝘵 𝘪𝘴 𝘢 𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘨𝘪𝘤 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘢𝘥𝘰𝘹—𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢 𝘤𝘭𝘦𝘢𝘳 𝘦𝘹𝘢𝘮𝘱𝘭𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘩𝘺𝘱𝘰𝘤𝘳𝘪𝘴𝘺—𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘙𝘶𝘴𝘴𝘪𝘢, 𝘢𝘯 𝘢𝘨𝘨𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘰𝘳 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘦𝘷𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘯𝘦𝘰-𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘢𝘭 𝘢𝘮𝘣𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘣𝘰𝘵𝘩 𝘪𝘯 𝘪𝘵𝘴 𝘪𝘮𝘮𝘦𝘥𝘪𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘯𝘦𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘣𝘰𝘳𝘩𝘰𝘰𝘥 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘪𝘯 𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘱𝘢𝘳𝘵𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘭𝘥, 𝘪𝘴 𝘢𝘮𝘰𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘰-𝘴𝘱𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘰𝘳𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘫𝘦𝘤𝘵 𝘸𝘦 𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘷𝘰𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘰𝘥𝘢𝘺. 𝘈𝘮𝘰𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘳𝘢𝘨𝘪𝘤 𝘷𝘪𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘮𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘙𝘶𝘴𝘴𝘪𝘢’𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘯𝘪𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘮 𝘳𝘦𝘮𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘢𝘭𝘴𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘰𝘱𝘱𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘥 𝘉𝘢𝘴𝘩𝘬𝘪𝘳𝘴, 𝘊𝘪𝘳𝘤𝘢𝘴𝘴𝘪𝘢𝘯𝘴, 𝘒𝘢𝘭𝘮𝘺𝘬𝘴, 𝘉𝘶𝘳𝘺𝘢𝘵𝘴, 𝘛𝘶𝘷𝘢𝘯𝘴, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘰𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘱𝘦𝘰𝘱𝘭𝘦𝘴 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯 𝘙𝘶𝘴𝘴𝘪𝘢. 𝘛𝘩𝘦𝘴𝘦 𝘨𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘱𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘶𝘦 𝘵𝘰 𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘶𝘳𝘦 𝘦𝘵𝘩𝘯𝘪𝘤, 𝘭𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘶𝘪𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘤, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘤𝘶𝘭𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘢𝘭 𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘥𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯, 𝘯𝘰𝘸 𝘧𝘶𝘳𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘤𝘦𝘥 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘤𝘳𝘪𝘱𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘪𝘳 𝘮𝘢𝘭𝘦 𝘱𝘰𝘱𝘶𝘭𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘰𝘯𝘨𝘰𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘸𝘢𝘳 𝘦𝘧𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘢𝘨𝘢𝘪𝘯𝘴𝘵 𝘜𝘬𝘳𝘢𝘪𝘯𝘦.

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