Fire Prevention Controller Richardson warns that solar, lithium positive but carry risks

GREAT BAY--Fire Prevention Controller Kirk Richardson of the St. Maarten Fire Department recently spoke positively about the island’s shift toward solar power and electric vehicles, but warned that St. Maarten faces increasing hazards from lithium-ion batteries used in electric bikes, scooters, cars, and home or commercial solar systems. He noted that regulation and public education have not kept pace with the rapid growth of these technologies.

Richardson emphasized that his comments were not a criticism of the move toward renewable energy or electric mobility, but rather a reminder that new technologies bring new risks. He said that education is needed not only for the public, but also for retailers and wholesalers who sell or install solar and electric vehicle systems. He said it’s not as simple as plug and go.

To address these challenges, Richardson suggested stronger control and regulation through clear laws that agencies such as the Fire Department can enforce, not as punishment exclusively, but to ensure the safety and protection of everyone.

He explained that people underestimate the dangerous reactions of a lithium battery. Lithium battery incidents can escalate quickly when cells enter thermal runaway, projecting flames and re-igniting even after initial knockdown. Electric vehicle batteries may require prolonged cooling and monitoring, and in some cases immersion for extended periods, because each cell must fully burn out or be cooled to stop re-ignition.

Additionally, rapid growth in rooftop solar requires rules on safe layout and installation, including placing battery storage in dedicated compartments, separation from ignition sources, and documented shut-off and emergency access plans. He cited cases where feedback from lightning or faults caused batteries to smoke or fail, which could have engulfed an entire home. This underscores the need for design and inspection requirements.

He further explained that prevention relies on the Fire Department reviewing building plans before construction, inspections during the build, and checks before occupancy. Yet some regulations are outdated or missing. Fire Department still issues safety advice, but lacks clear legal backing to enforce every measure. The danger here is that fire fighters sometimes have no clue what they are walking into when responding to a call, because they have not inspected or was not involved in part of the construction of the building.

For example, a fire fighter might walk into a room that stores gas cylinders, without knowing the content of that room and what precautions to take. Without known, all first responders, fire, police, ambulance, are all at risk.  

Richardson said resellers and installers of solar and electric equipment need training on hazards, and owners must receive clear guidance on safe operation and emergency procedures. He noted outreach sessions with businesses, and said consistent support is needed to sustain public education. He stressed that these issues are not about money alone, they are about safety for residents and first responders. He said updated codes, enforceable standards, and also continuous training of fire personnel on new technological developments are essential.

Richardson added that the department stands ready to advise on national standards for lithium-powered mobility and solar installations, including requirements for battery rooms, labeling, disconnects, hydrant access, and evacuation plans, so responders know what they are facing when a call comes in. Private home owners and others can contact the Fire Department for advice if they plan on adding any renewable energy source or purchasing an electric vehicle.

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